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Declaration of two-dimensional array
data_type arr_name [num_of_rows][num_of_column];Example
int c[2][3];Initialization of two-dimensional array
Multidimensional arrays may be initialized by specifying bracketed values for each row.
int c[2][3]={{1,3,0}, {-1,5,9}};Accessing Array elements in two-dimensional array
arr_name[r_index][c_index];Example
c[0][1] ; // the value in 0th row and 1st columnMatrix operations
- Matrix Addition
- Matrix Subtraction
- Matrix Multiplication
Program: Implementation of Matrix addition
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],i,j,r,c,res[10][10];
printf("Enter row and column of matrix\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r,&c);
//loop to get array elements
printf("Enter Matrix a : \n");
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter Matrix b : \n");
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
//loop to add two matrix
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
res[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
}
//loop to print result
printf("Resultant Matrix res: \n");
for(i=0;i<r;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",res[i][j]);
}
}
return 0;
}Output
Enter row and column of matrix
3 3
Enter Matrix a :
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Enter Matrix b :
2 2 2 5 5 5 6 6 6
Resultant Matrix res:
3 4 5
9 10 11
13 14 15Program: Implementation of Matrix Multiplication
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],i,j,k,r1,c1,r2,c2,res[10][10];
printf("Enter row and column of matrix a\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("Enter row and column of matrix b\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(c1 != r2)
{
printf("Matrix multiplication is not possible");
}
else
{
printf("Enter matrix a: \n ");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter matrix b: \n ");
for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}
//loop to multiply
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
res[i][j] = 0;
for(k=0;k<c1;k++)
{
res[i][j] = res[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j];
}
}
}
// loop to print result
printf("Resultant matrix: \n ");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",res[i][j]);
}
}
}
return 0;
}Output
Enter row and column of matrix a
2 3
Enter row and column of matrix b
3 2
Enter matrix a:
1 1 1 1 1 1
Enter matrix b:
2 2 2 2 2 2
Resultant matrix:
6 6
6 6Program: Scaling of a matrix
/* C Program for scalar multiplication of matrix */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int A[10][10],i,j,m,n;
int row, col, num;
printf("Enter no. of rows :: ");
scanf("%d", &m);
printf("\nEnter no. of cols :: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nEnter values to the matrix :: \n");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
{
printf("\nEnter a[%d][%d] value :: ",i,j);
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nThe given matrix is :: \n\n");
for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
printf("\t%d", A[i][j]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}
/* Reads number to perform scalar multiplication from user */
printf("\nEnter any number to multiply with matrix :: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
/*
* Performs scalar multiplication of matrix
*/
for(row=0; row<m; row++)
{
for(col=0; col<n; col++)
{
A[row][col] = num * A[row][col];
}
}
/*
* Prints the result of scalar multiplication of matrix
*/
printf("\nScalar multiplication of matrix = \n\n");
for (i = 0; i < m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
printf("\t%d", A[i][j]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}
return 0;
}Output
Enter no. of rows :: 2
Enter no. of cols :: 3
Enter values to the matrix ::
Enter a[0][0] value :: 1
Enter a[0][1] value :: 2
Enter a[0][2] value :: 3
Enter a[1][0] value :: 4
Enter a[1][1] value :: 5
Enter a[1][2] value :: 6
The given matrix is ::
1 2 3
4 5 6
Enter any number to multiply with matrix :: 2
Scalar multiplication of matrix =
2 4 6
8 10 12Program: Determinant of a matrix
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr1[10][10],i,j,n;
int det=0;
printf("\n\nCalculate the determinant of a 3 x 3 matrix :\n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Input elements in the first matrix :\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("element - [%d],[%d] : ",i,j);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("The matrix is :\n");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3 ;j++)
{
printf("%4d",arr1[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
det = det + (arr1[0][i]*(arr1[1][(i+1)%3]*arr1[2][(i+2)%3] - arr1[1][(i+2)%3]*arr1[2][(i+1)%3]));
}
printf("\nThe Determinant of the matrix is: %d\n\n",det);
}Output
Calculate the determinant of a 3 x 3 matrix :
-------------------------------------------------
Input elements in the first matrix :
element - [0],[0] : 2
element - [0],[1] : 4
element - [0],[2] : 5
element - [1],[0] : 2
element - [1],[1] : 1
element - [1],[2] : 3
element - [2],[0] : 4
element - [2],[1] : 1
element - [2],[2] : -1
The matrix is :
2 4 5
2 1 3
4 1 -1
The Determinant of the matrix is: 38Program: Transpose of a matrix
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10], transpose[10][10], r, c;
printf("Enter rows and columns: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);
// asssigning elements to the matrix
printf("\nEnter matrix elements:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
}
// printing the matrix a[][]
printf("\nEntered matrix: \n");
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
printf("\n");
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
printf("%d\t", a[i][j]);
}
}
// computing the transpose
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
transpose[j][i] = a[i][j];
}
}
// printing the transpose
printf("\nTranspose of the matrix:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
printf("\n");
for (int j = 0; j < r; j++)
{
printf("%d ", transpose[i][j]);
}
}
return 0;
}Output
Enter rows and columns: 2
3
Enter matrix elements:
Enter element a00: 1
Enter element a01: 2
Enter element a02: 3
Enter element a10: 4
Enter element a11: 5
Enter element a12: 6
Entered matrix:
1 2 3
4 5 6
Transpose of the matrix:
1 4
2 5
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